The Enlightenment

1) was he English philosopher who was called upon to justify the Glorious Revolution and contributed greatly to the political ideology of the American Revolutionists.

2) The was an intellectual movement in both Europe and America that celebrated the power of human reason.

3) The theory of the "balanced constitution" refers to

    A) the seperation of governmental powers into executive, legislative, and judicial functions.

    B) an equalibrium of power in government among monarchy, aristocracy, and common people.

    C) the use of "influence" or patronage by the executive officials to win support for its policies among legislators.

    D) the restriction of the franchies to adult males owning a certain amount of property.



4) Which of the following would most likely not be true of Americans who were influenced by the Enlightenment?

    A) They would have faith that society could be improved by human effort.

    B) They would be from the educated upper class.

    C) They would hold to a religion that believed human beings could, under a benevolent God, follow the moral teachings of Jesus.

    D) They would understand knowledge as valuable for its own sake, independent of any practical usefulness.



5) The direct influence of the Enlightenment in America was

    A) widespread, affecting all classes and regions.

    B) widespread, affecting all except the poorest backcountry farmers.

    C) confined mainly to the clergy.

    D) confined mainly to some skilled artisans and elite planters and merchants.



6) The American who most exemplified the Enlightenment on this side of the Atlantic was

    A) George Washington.

    B) Thomas Jefferson.

    C) Benjamin Franklin.

    D) Thomas Paine.



7) The "Social Contract" refers to the agreement between the monarch and those being ruled that the king would strive to respect the rights of the people. True False

8) The scientific method is a process of logic and reason that enables humans, in theory, to understand the universe. True False

9) Deism is a religious belief akin to atheism. True False

10) was one of the first English scientists during the Age of Enlightenment.